Comparison of Fabric Wear Resistance Test Methods

Due to the variety of fabric types in actual use, there are also differences in fabric wear situation. In the actual use of fabric, the cause of wear and wearing degree are varied, such as the friction with operation machine, table and small objects; the wearing degree of different fabrics is also different, for example, the friction born by coat, gloves and socks is intense while the friction born by underwear and shirts is subtle.Therefore, in order to get the test results that are consistent with the actual situation, the test conditions must be carefully selected so as to be similar to the actual use.

There are two main types of wear resistance test classification: 1) Classified by wear modes The wear modes are different and the abrasion test instrument can be divided into three categories: plane abrasion, flex abrasion and fold abrasion. 1. Plane abrasion refers to the abrasion on the flat surface of specimen to test it resistance to abrasion. This mode simulates the wear situation of elbows and hips against clothes. At present, the most used instrument is Mardindale Abrasion Tester. Common standards are ASTM D4966, ISO 12947, GB/T 21196. 2. Flex abrasion refers to the abrasion of specimen flexed under a certain of tension force. It simulates the wear situation of elbows and hips against clothes. Common standards are Common standards are. 3. Fold abrasion is the wear-resisting fastness test of the rim of folded textiles. It simulates the wear situation of collar, sleeve and leg opening. It bends the fabric at 180 °, fold and iron. The folding line section grinds with the abrasives to cause wear loss. The test conditions of the three test instruments are different, and the test results cannot be substituted for each other.   2) Classified by grading method For different fabrics, due to the difference in wear resistance, different grading methods are used in order to shorten the test time and achieves the maximum accuracy of the wear-resisting properties of the fabric. 2.1 Changes in appearance performance: The evaluation of sample damage and the change of surface gloss and pilling. It is usually required to be graded against the standard sample. The GB standard is divided into the following three parts according to the grading methods: GB/T 21196.2-2007: determination of wear resistance of textile by martindale method - part 2: determination of sample damage. GB/T 21196.3-2007 - determination of wear resistance of textile by martindale method - part 3: determination of quality loss. GB/T 21196.4-2007 - determination of wear resistance of textile by martindale method - part 4: evaluation of appearance changes. 2.2 Changes in physical properties: After the test samples were tested according to the specified wear times, the physical mechanical properties of the samples, such as weight, thickness and fracture strength, were measured to compare the wear-resisting degree of the fabric.